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nontraditional student
A non-traditional student is an American term referring to a category of students at tertiary educational institutions. The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) acknowledges there is no precise definition for non-traditional student, but suggests that part-time status and age are common elements. In a 1996 study, the NCES included anyone who satisfies at least one of the following as a non-traditional student:〔(National Center for Education Statistics. "Nontraditional Undergraduates", Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education. (p. 2) Accessed 17 Jun 2013 ).〕
*Delays enrollment (does not enter postsecondary education in the same calendar year that he or she finished high school)
*Attends part-time for at least part of the academic year
*Works full-time (35 hours or more per week) while enrolled
*Is considered financially independent for purposes of determining eligibility for financial aid
*Has dependents other than a spouse (usually children, but may also be caregivers of sick or elderly family members)
*Is a single parent (either not married or married but separated and has dependents)
*Does not have a high school diploma (completed high school with a GED or other high school completion certificate or did not finish high school)
By this standard, the NCES determined that 73% of all undergraduates in 1999–2000 could be considered non-traditional, representing the newly "typical" undergraduate.〔 Therefore, the NCES defines non-traditional on a continuum based on the number of these characteristics present. Students are considered "minimally non-traditional" if they have only one non-traditional characteristic, "moderately non-traditional" if they have two or three, and "highly non-traditional" if they have four or more.〔
==History==
According to a 2011 journal article written by Jovita M. Ross-Gordon, professor at Texas State University in the Association of American Colleges and Universities publication, it is uncertain exactly how or when the term “non-traditional student” was first incorporated into educational language. However, it is thought that, K. Patricia Cross, is responsible for the phrase becoming the accepted, appropriate term to describe these students. In 1981, Cross, who has a passion for adult and continuing education, wrote ''Adults as Learners'', in which she intermingled the term “non-traditional” with “lifelong learner.”
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